Effectiveness of neurolysis as a treatment for complications of leprosy neuritis: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Complications of leprosy neuritis are considered serious and apparent, with the potential to disable and/or limit individuals. These complications affect not only a patient's physical functioning, but also their family and social lives, while directly impacting the ability to work and/or maintain financial independence, subsequently interfering with their overall quality of life. The present review, therefore, aimed to analyze the effectiveness of neurolysis as an alternative treatment for the complications associated with leprosy neuritis. METHODS: The present review was performed based on the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology, in an effort to answer the following research question: what is the effectiveness of neurolysis as a treatment for leprosy neuritis complications? This research question was defined using the patient-intervention-outcome (PIO) framework, where leprosy represents 'P', neurolysis for 'I', and neuropathic pain/motor function/sensorial function/physical disability/quality of life for 'O'. Randomized and non-randomized clinical trials and prospective observational cohort studies were included in the present review, with no time or date restrictions. RESULTS: The present review included 1 randomized clinical trial and 10 prospective studies, published between 1976 and 2020. All of the outcomes showed improvement, with relief from neuropathic pain being the primary finding. CONCLUSIONS: The evidence obtained in the present review suggested that neurolysis is an effective alternative for the treatment of physical disabilities, the recovery of sensory and motor function, the restoration of quality of life, and neuropathic pain relief.

Capacitação profissional em hanseníase na Atenção Primária à Saúde: protocolo de revisão de escopo / Professional training in leprosy in Primary Health Care: a scoping review protocol

OBJETIVO: Descrever a sistematização do desenvolvimento de uma revisão de escopo para mapear evidências científicas relativas à capacitação profissional da equipe de assistência ao paciente em hanseníase na Atenção Primária à Saúde. MÉTODO: Fundamentar-se-á nas recomendações do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic and Meta-Analyses - Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR), atendendo às orientações do Instituto Joanna Briggs. Espera-se que as evidências encontradas na literatura nacional e internacional possam direcionar profissionais e gestores na implementação de ações de controle e eliminação da hanseníase como problema de saúde pública, por meio da educação.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the systematization of a scoping review to map scientific evidence related to the professional training of the members of the leprosy primary health care team. METHOD: The recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) will be met, as well as the Joanna Briggs Institute's guidelines. It is expected that the evidence found in the national and international literature can guide professionals and managers in implementing actions to control and eliminate leprosy, a public health problem, through education.

Effectiveness of neurolysis as a treatment for complications of leprosy neuritis: a systematic review

ABSTRACT Background: Complications of leprosy neuritis are considered serious and apparent, with the potential to disable and/or limit individuals. These complications affect not only a patient's physical functioning, but also their family and social lives, while directly impacting the ability to work and/or maintain financial independence, subsequently interfering with their overall quality of life. The present review, therefore, aimed to analyze the effectiveness of neurolysis as an alternative treatment for the complications associated with leprosy neuritis. Methods: The present review was performed based on the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology, in an effort to answer the following research question: what is the effectiveness of neurolysis as a treatment for leprosy neuritis complications? This research question was defined using the patient-intervention-outcome (PIO) framework, where leprosy represents 'P', neurolysis for 'I', and neuropathic pain/motor function/sensorial function/physical disability/quality of life for 'O'. Randomized and non-randomized clinical trials and prospective observational cohort studies were included in the present review, with no time or date restrictions. Results: The present review included 1 randomized clinical trial and 10 prospective studies, published between 1976 and 2020. All of the outcomes showed improvement, with relief from neuropathic pain being the primary finding. Conclusions: The evidence obtained in the present review suggested that neurolysis is an effective alternative for the treatment of physical disabilities, the recovery of sensory and motor function, the restoration of quality of life, and neuropathic pain relief.

Fatores relacionados com mortalidade por pneumonia não associada à ventilação mecânica / Factors related to mortality by pneumonia unrelated to mechanical ventilation

RESUMO Objetivos analisar os fatores relacionados com mortalidade por pneumonia hospitalar não associada à ventilação mecânica. Métodos estudo do tipo coorte retrospectiva com amostra obtida por meio das 538 fichas de notificação das infecções relacionadas com a assistência à saúde. Calculado o Risco Relativo e realizada análise multivariável por meio de regressão de Poisson com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados na análise multivariável, percebeu-se que os indivíduos com idade inferior a 59 anos e que receberam apenas um antimicrobiano apresentaram proteção para óbito. Os principais microrganismos responsáveis pelo aumento do risco para óbito foram: Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae e Espécies de Candida (Candida spp). Conclusão foram fatores relacionados com a mortalidade os indivíduos com idade maior que 60 anos, em uso de dois ou mais antimicrobianos, assim como a identificação dos microrganismos Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae e Espécies de Candida (Candida spp).

ABSTRACT Objective to analyze the factors related to mortality by nosocomial pneumonia unrelated to mechanical ventilation. Methods retrospective cohort study with a sample acquired using the 538 notification forms for health care-related infections. The relative risk was calculated and a multivariable analysis was carried out using Poisson regression with a significance level of 5%. Results the multivariable analysis showed that being under 59 years old and taking only one antimicrobial drug were protective factors against death. The main microorganisms responsible for the increase in the risk of death were: Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae and species of Candida (Candida spp). Conclusion the factors related to mortality were being 60 years old or older, using two or more antimicrobial substances, and being affected by the microorganisms Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumonia, and species of Candida (Candida spp).